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2021, Vol: 11, Issue: 2
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Original Article 


ACE I/D gene polymorphism in diabetic nephropathy: Clinical implications

M. Kaleemullah Khan, N. Parimala, Mohammed Ishaq, Mohammed Siraj.

Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication accounting for about 30% of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) cases. An insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the gene encoding angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) is reported to be a candidate gene predisposing to diabetic nephropathy. Accordingly, we investigated the ACE I/D gene polymorphism in 52 Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases suffering from nephropathy as assessed by 24 hrs urinary protein levels. 50 age and sex matched healthy subjects served as controls. ACE I/D genotyping was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using allele specific primers. The frequencies of ACE DD, ID and II genotypes in the diabetic nephropathy patients were 38.5% , 50% and 11.5% and in the control subjects, 22%, 38% and 40% respectively. There was an increase of 16.5% in the frequency of DD genotype in the patients compared to controls. The frequency of D allele in the patients was 63% which was found to be statistically significant (p< 0.05, Odds ratio=2.6) compared to 41% in the controls. These results indicate that Type 2 diabetic patients with D allele (those with DD & ID genotypes) have more than two fold risk of developing nephropathy. Clinical implications of ACE genotyping in planning for patientÂ’s management have been discussed.

Key words: ACE gene polymorphism, Diabetic nephropathy, Genetic risk, Clinical implications


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

M. Kaleemullah Khan, N. Parimala, Mohammed Ishaq, Mohammed Siraj. ACE I/D gene polymorphism in diabetic nephropathy: Clinical implications. J Med Allied Sci. 2011; 1(1): 42-45.

Web Style

M. Kaleemullah Khan, N. Parimala, Mohammed Ishaq, Mohammed Siraj. ACE I/D gene polymorphism in diabetic nephropathy: Clinical implications. https://jmas.in/?mno=210083 [Access: January 12, 2023].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

M. Kaleemullah Khan, N. Parimala, Mohammed Ishaq, Mohammed Siraj. ACE I/D gene polymorphism in diabetic nephropathy: Clinical implications. J Med Allied Sci. 2011; 1(1): 42-45.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

M. Kaleemullah Khan, N. Parimala, Mohammed Ishaq, Mohammed Siraj. ACE I/D gene polymorphism in diabetic nephropathy: Clinical implications. J Med Allied Sci. (2011), [cited January 12, 2023]; 1(1): 42-45.


Harvard Style

M. Kaleemullah Khan, N. Parimala, Mohammed Ishaq, Mohammed Siraj (2011) ACE I/D gene polymorphism in diabetic nephropathy: Clinical implications. J Med Allied Sci, 1 (1), 42-45.


Turabian Style

M. Kaleemullah Khan, N. Parimala, Mohammed Ishaq, Mohammed Siraj. 2011. ACE I/D gene polymorphism in diabetic nephropathy: Clinical implications. Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences, 1 (1), 42-45.


Chicago Style

M. Kaleemullah Khan, N. Parimala, Mohammed Ishaq, Mohammed Siraj. "ACE I/D gene polymorphism in diabetic nephropathy: Clinical implications." Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences 1 (2011), 42-45.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

M. Kaleemullah Khan, N. Parimala, Mohammed Ishaq, Mohammed Siraj. "ACE I/D gene polymorphism in diabetic nephropathy: Clinical implications." Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences 1.1 (2011), 42-45. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

M. Kaleemullah Khan, N. Parimala, Mohammed Ishaq, Mohammed Siraj (2011) ACE I/D gene polymorphism in diabetic nephropathy: Clinical implications. Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences, 1 (1), 42-45.


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