Impact of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP)-based counseling on maternal nutrition, rest, birth preparedness and family planning: a pre-post assessment study

L. H. Ashwini; T. Veena; E. M. Sparshdeep; G. M. Shashi Kiran; T. M. Shemeer Ali; Varsha Rani Tikariha; Bangi Shakir Hussain

doi:10.5455/jmas.311501

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Original Article
Online Published: 03 Aug 2026

J Med Allied Sci. 2026; 16(2): 85-90

doi: 10.5455/jmas.311501

Impact of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP)-based counseling on maternal nutrition, rest, birth preparedness and family planning: a pre-post assessment study

L. H. Ashwini, T. Veena, E. M. Sparshdeep, G. M. Shashi Kiran, T. M. Shemeer Ali, Varsha Rani Tikariha, Bangi Shakir Hussain.

Abstract
Counseling during antenatal and early postnatal periods is a key strategy to improve maternal nutrition, adequate rest, birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR), and postpartum family planning uptake. However, evidence on the combined impact of a structured knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP)- based counseling package at the facility level remains limited in many settings. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of structured KAP-based counseling on maternal nutrition practices, rest and birth preparedness, and uptake of postpartum family planning methods. A pre-post interventional study was conducted among pregnant women attending an antenatal health check-up camp at an urban primary health center, Chitradurga, Karnataka. Baseline KAP assessment was carried out using a pre-tested questionnaire, followed by delivery of a structured counseling package focusing on nutrition, rest, BPCR and family planning. End-line assessment was conducted at late pregnancy. Changes in knowledge scores and practices were analyzed using paired t-test (p<0.05). A total of 61 antenatal women participated. Mean knowledge score increased significantly from 2.54±1.73 to 3.59±1.45 (p=0.003). Attitude scores improved from 3.46±2.34 to 5.46±2.04 (p<0.001). Practice scores showed the largest improvement from 2.08±1.11 to 3.15±0.81 (p<0.001). Overall KAP score increased from 8.08±2.51 to 12.21±3.06 (p<0.001). Category shift showed improvement to “good” practice level: knowledge 30.8%→53.8%, attitude 23.1%→53.8%, practice 33.3%→79.5%. Ninety percent of women reported counseling was useful. Structured KAP-based counseling integrated into routine maternal health services significantly improves maternal knowledge, attitude and selected health practices. Strengthening counseling quality and coverage may contribute to better maternal and reproductive health outcomes.

Key words: Antenatal care, Birth preparedness, KAP counseling, Maternal nutrition, Postpartum family planning

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Ashwini LH, Veena T, Sparshdeep EM, Kiran GMS, Ali TMS, Tikariha VR, Hussain BS. Impact of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP)-based counseling on maternal nutrition, rest, birth preparedness and family planning: a pre-post assessment study. J Med Allied Sci. 2026; 16(2): 85-90. doi:10.5455/jmas.311501

Web Style

Ashwini LH, Veena T, Sparshdeep EM, Kiran GMS, Ali TMS, Tikariha VR, Hussain BS. Impact of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP)-based counseling on maternal nutrition, rest, birth preparedness and family planning: a pre-post assessment study. https://jmas.in/?mno=311501 [Access: August 12, 2026]. doi:10.5455/jmas.311501

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Ashwini LH, Veena T, Sparshdeep EM, Kiran GMS, Ali TMS, Tikariha VR, Hussain BS. Impact of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP)-based counseling on maternal nutrition, rest, birth preparedness and family planning: a pre-post assessment study. J Med Allied Sci. 2026; 16(2): 85-90. doi:10.5455/jmas.311501

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Ashwini LH, Veena T, Sparshdeep EM, Kiran GMS, Ali TMS, Tikariha VR, Hussain BS. Impact of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP)-based counseling on maternal nutrition, rest, birth preparedness and family planning: a pre-post assessment study. J Med Allied Sci. (2026), [cited August 12, 2026]; 16(2): 85-90. doi:10.5455/jmas.311501

Harvard Style

Ashwini, L. H., Veena, . T., Sparshdeep, . E. M., Kiran, . G. M. S., Ali, . T. M. S., Tikariha, . V. R. & Hussain, . B. S. (2026) Impact of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP)-based counseling on maternal nutrition, rest, birth preparedness and family planning: a pre-post assessment study. J Med Allied Sci, 16 (2), 85-90. doi:10.5455/jmas.311501

Turabian Style

Ashwini, L. H., T. Veena, E. M. Sparshdeep, G. M. Shashi Kiran, T. M. Shemeer Ali, Varsha Rani Tikariha, and Bangi Shakir Hussain. 2026. Impact of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP)-based counseling on maternal nutrition, rest, birth preparedness and family planning: a pre-post assessment study. Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences, 16 (2), 85-90. doi:10.5455/jmas.311501

Chicago Style

Ashwini, L. H., T. Veena, E. M. Sparshdeep, G. M. Shashi Kiran, T. M. Shemeer Ali, Varsha Rani Tikariha, and Bangi Shakir Hussain. "Impact of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP)-based counseling on maternal nutrition, rest, birth preparedness and family planning: a pre-post assessment study." Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences 16 (2026), 85-90. doi:10.5455/jmas.311501

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Ashwini, L. H., Veena, . T., Sparshdeep, . E. M., Kiran, . G. M. S., Ali, . T. M. S., Tikariha, . V. R. & Hussain, . B. S. (2026) Impact of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP)-based counseling on maternal nutrition, rest, birth preparedness and family planning: a pre-post assessment study. Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences, 16 (2), 85-90. doi:10.5455/jmas.311501

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